V nastoyashchee vremya otmechaetsya neuklonnyy rost zabolevaemosti tuberkulyezom i khronicheskimi boleznyami organov dykhaniya nespetsificheskogo geneza. Uchityvaya, chto izlyublennoy lokalizatsiey tuberkulyeza yavlyaetsya vnutrigrudnaya, vpolne estestvennym yavlyaetsya interes ftiziatrov k zabolevaniyam bronkholyegochnoy sistemy. Gruppa etikh zabolevaniy, poluchivshaya nazvanie KhNZL, yavlyaetsya i mnogochislennoy, i shiroko rasprostranennoy, i biologicheski znachimoy dlya sostoyaniya mestnogo immuniteta bronkholyegochnoy sistemy. Diagnostika sochetannykh porazheniy predstavlyaet znachitel'nye trudnosti, poskol'ku khronicheskiy bronkhit mozhet, kak predshestvovat' tuberkulyezu, tak i zachastuyu voznikat' na fone ego khronicheskikh form. Na segodnyashniy den', ochevidno, chto ne ustanovleno istinnoy rasprostranennosti sochetaniya tuberkuleza s khronicheskim nespetsificheskim zabolevaniem legkikh. Po-vidimomu, imeet mesto i giper- i gipodiagnostika dannykh patologiy. Takim obrazom, problema sochetaniya tuberkuleza i khronicheskikh nespetsificheskikh zabolevaniy bronkholegochnoy sistemy u detey i podrostkov do nastoyashchego vremeni polnost'yu ne izuchena. Mneniya avtorov po etomu voprosu razlichny. Imenno etomu voprosu i posvyashchaetsya nastoyashchee issledovanie.